绍兴黄酒英文配音

最能代表中国的绍兴黄酒，现在为什么衰落了？

Shaoxing rice wine, the best representative of Chinese rice wine, has declined. Why?

中国人最喜欢什么酒？

What alcohol do Chinese people like best?

根据世界卫生组织公布的数据：

According to the data released by the World Health Organization:

2016年，在以中国为代表的西太平洋地区

In 2016, in the Western Pacific region represented by China,

烈性酒、红酒和啤酒的酒精消费量

The consumption of liquor, wine and beer

分别占总量的58.8%、30.5%和4%

Account for 58.8%, 30.5% and 4% of the total alcohol consumption respectively

本期节目要讨论的黄酒消费量占比不到6.6%

The consumption of rice wine to be discussed in this program accounts for less than 6.6%

红酒、啤酒这两种历史悠久的发酵酒

Wine and beer are two kinds of fermented alcohol with a long history

直到20世纪才风靡中国

They were not popular in China until the 20th century

中国本土原产的酒主要是白酒和黄酒

China’s native alcohol is mainly spirits and rice wine

白酒是一种酒精含量较高的蒸馏酒

Spirit is a kind of distilled liquor with high alcohol content

黄酒是一种酒精含量较低的发酵酒

Rice wine is a kind of fermented wine with low alcohol content

在此前长达几千年的历史中

Over the past thousands of years,

“黄酒”一直是中国酒的主流

"Rice wine" has always been the mainstream of China’s alcohol

黄酒是种什么酒？

What kind of wine is rice wine?

黄酒最有名的产地在浙江绍兴

The most famous producing area of rice wine is Shaoxing, Zhejiang

早在两千五百年多前

As early as more than 2500 years ago,

地处绍兴的先民就开始酿造黄酒

The ancestors in Shaoxing began to make rice wine

酿造一坛品质优良的绍兴黄酒

Making high-quality Shaoxing rice wine

不仅需要适宜的气候和环境

requires not only suitable climate and environment

更需要持久的耐心

But also patience

每年11月初

Every year in early November,

低温、潮湿的绍兴进入适宜酵母菌生长的冬季

Shaoxing becomes cold and humid, and the climate is suitable for yeast growth

人们将浸过水、蒸熟的糯米晾干

People let the soaked and steamed glutinous rice dry out

接着放入大缸，加入“酒曲”和水

Then put it in a vat and add "distiller's yeast" and water

“酒曲”是谷物和辣蓼草的混合物

"Distiller's yeast" is a mixture of grain and flaccid knotweed herb

其中掺有大量的发酵菌种

In which there is a large number of fermentation strains

霉菌将糯米中的淀粉转化为糖分和氨基酸

Mold converts starch in the glutinous rice into sugar and amino acids

酵母菌将糖分转化为酒精

Yeast converts sugar into alcohol

糯米在大缸里完成第一轮发酵后

After the first stage of fermentation in the vat,

会被存放进酒坛继续发酵

The glutinous rice will then be stored in jars and continue to ferment

经过以上几个步骤酿造出来的绍兴黄酒

Shaoxing rice wine made by the above steps

还需要长达数年的密封来提升品质

Needs to be sealed for several years for quality improvement

酒水长时间封存于陶坛中

When the wine is sealed in pottery jars for a long time

酒中的醇、酸等物质缓慢进行酯化反应

Alcohol, acid and other substances in it will undergo esterification reaction slowly

能形成香气浓郁的酯类物质

To form esters with strong aroma

绍兴有一种流传千年的习俗

There is a custom in Shaoxing that has existed for thousands of years

父母为刚出生的女儿酿造绍兴黄酒

Parents would make Shaoxing rice wine for their newborn daughter

等到女儿出嫁时再取出封存多年的酒饮用

When their daughter gets married, they would drink the wine that has been sealed for years

陈酿的黄酒颜色如琥珀、滋味微甜

The aged rice wine is amber in color and slightly sweet in taste

这种酒被人们称为“女儿红”

This kind of wine is called "Nu'er Hong" (daughter red)

古代中国人怎么喝黄酒？

How did ancient Chinese people drink rice wine?

中国古代的诗词、文献

Ancient Chinese poetry and literature

记载了古人饮用黄酒的方式

Record the way the ancients drank rice wine

这句话出自小说《三国演义》

This extract is from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms

写的是一千多年前

More than a thousand years ago

中国古代两位君王——曹操和刘备

Two kings in ancient China-Cao Cao and Liu Bei

一边喝着热酒一边谈论天下大势的场景

Talked about the general trend of the world while drinking warm rice wine

中国人习惯将黄酒烫热后饮用

Chinese people used to drink rice wine after warming it up

这是因为黄酒在饮用前隔水烫热后

This is because after rice wine is heated in water

酒中的甲醇、醛、醚类等杂质会挥发

Impurities such as methanol, aldehydes and ethers in it will volatilize

能减少酒对身体的负面影响

This will reduce the negative impact of rice wine on health

此外，冬季饮用热酒也能抵御寒冷

In addition, drinking warm rice wine in winter can help people resist the cold

这句话是中国大诗人李白写的诗句

This is from a poem written by Li Bai, a great Chinese poet

李白很喜欢喝绍兴黄酒

Li Bai likes drinking Shaoxing rice wine very much

有一晚他独自在花丛中喝酒

One night he was drinking alone among the flowers

虽然没有好朋友相陪

Although he drank without the company of his good friends

但他邀请月亮和影子作伴

He viewed the moon and his shadow as two friends of his

趁着美好的夜晚享乐

In this way, he had great fun at a beautiful night

很多中国人喜欢独自饮用黄酒

Many Chinese people like to drink rice wine